INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA - NOVEMBER 03: A Chinese labourer unloads waste coal and stone as smoke and steam rises next to an unauthorized steel factory on November 3, 2016 in Inner Mongolia, China. To meet China's targets to slash emissions of carbon dioxide, authorities are pushing to shut down privately owned steel, coal, and other high-polluting factories scattered across rural areas. In many cases, factory owners say they pay informal "fines" to local inspectors and then re-open. The enforcement comes as the future of U.S. support for the 2015 Paris Agreement is in question, leaving China poised as an unlikely leader in the international effort against climate change. U.S. president-elect Donald Trump has sent mixed signals about whether he will withdraw the U.S. from commitments to curb greenhouse gases that, according to scientists, are causing the earth's temperature to rise. Trump once declared that the concept of global warming was "created" by China in order to hurt U.S. manufacturing. China's leadership has stated that any change in U.S. climate policy will not affect its commitment to implement the climate action plan. While the world's biggest polluter, China is also a global leader in establishing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. (Photo by Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
近年碳中和成為全球議題，為阻止氣候變化，世界各地亦積極控制碳排放量。而中國大陸作為碳排放量其中之一高的國家，即將於近日啟動「全國碳排放權交易計劃」，容許商家買賣碳排放量。但有外媒指，中國此舉或會增加更多重污染產業。
中國大陸將於近日啟動「全國碳排放權交易計劃」，推動企業將減少或用不到的二氧化碳排放量釋放到市場買賣，並容許商家買賣碳排放量。根據中國擬定的交易計劃，發電廠以及工廠等碳排放實體企業，一年將有固定配額的碳排放量，而企業可選擇將用不完的配額售出，又或是向其他企業收購更多的配額。而中國計劃於三至五年內，將計劃逐步開放至其他領域，例如計劃明年先將水泥、鋁及鋼鐵業納入，之後再將石化、化工、建材、有色金屬、造紙及國內航空等行業亦納入管制。而計劃一旦繼續執行，中國勢將成為全球規模最大的碳市場。
不過，根據外媒引述分析師指，由於過剩碳排放量可以進行買賣交易，便意味着部分污染過多的發電廠，只要願意付出足夠資金便可以低廉的價格購買其他企業剩餘的碳排放量，如此一來便失去了原先計劃碳的意義，甚至增加了更多重污染的產業。雖然目前仍未清楚中國對碳排放配額的價格，但從中國前兩年的地區試點計劃價格來推算，全中國市場平均價格預計為 $6.18 – $7.73 美元（約為 $48 – $60 港元左右）。此價格將遠低於歐洲或英國等碳權交易市場價格。
資料來源：The Wall Street Journal
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